| board |
see planking below |
| cabin |
cabin (state room), in the after body for the highest-ranking commander |
| cell wall |
wood cell
walls consist of 3 types of layers: middle lamella,
primary (thin) and secondary (thicker and layered) walls |
| cellulose |
long chain of glucose molecules, linked with glycosidic bonds |
| ceiling/dunnage |
planks covering the inner side of the frame |
| covering board |
plank on top of frame for preventing water to enter between planking and ceiling |
| dunnage/plank |
see ceiling |
| frame |
"ribs" of the ship, standing timber from the keel to the covering board between planking and ceiling |
| galley |
"kitchen", located in the middle of the hold |
| gun deck |
covered deck with cannons |
| heartwood |
hard central wood of a trunk |
| hemicellulose |
branched polymers of xylose, arabinose, galactose, mannose, and
glucose, which bind bundles of cellulose fibrils to form
microfibrils, which enhance the stability of the cell wall. |
| hold |
space in the bottom of the ship |
| hull |
body of the ship (not masts or rigging) |
| increment drill |
hand-operated drill for sampling of wood. Used by forest rangers to check growth of trees |
| lignin |
natural component that helps provide strength in cell walls;
contains aromatic structures; resists attack by microorganisms, in
anaerobic environment lignin can persist for very long periods |
| lumen |
the space in the center of a wood cell |
| middle lamella |
the outer wall of the cell shared by adjacent cells. |
| orlop deck |
second lowest deck below the lowest gun deck |
| peg |
wood pin through dunnage, frame and plank |
| PEG |
acronym for polyethylene glycol, a filling material in wood cells |
| planking/board |
outside planks coating the frame and timber |
| poop deck |
covered part of the quarter (aft cabins of the officers) |
| port (side) |
left side of the ship when facing the bow |
| primary cell wall |
after the middle lamella, consists of cellulose microfibrils in pectic
compounds, hemicellulose and glycoproteins. |
| quarter deck |
aft part of deck, located higher than the main deck |
| secondary cell wall |
extremely rigid layered wall around the lumen, made of cellulose,
hemicellulose and lignin. |
| splint wood |
soft surface wood of timber |
| star board |
right side of the ship when facing the bow |
| sternpost |
aftmost standing timber, running from the keel and connecting the ship's sides |
| stringer |
thick timber along sides, which carries the deck beams |
| wale |
projecting timber along outside of hull, to strengthen planking |
| wheelhouse |
between the cabin and upper gun deck |
| acid |
compound that reacts with water to supply hydrogen ions,
H+(aq), see below, in aqueous solution |
| alkaline |
basic; pH > 7 in aqueous solution |
| anaerobic |
lacking or not needing oxygen, air deficient |
| anoxic |
in the absence of oxygen |
| biocide |
poisonous to fungi or bacteria |
| dehydrate |
remove water |
| elemental sulfur |
free sulfur, not combined with other elements |
| erode |
wear away gradually |
| hydrogen ion, H+(aq) |
H+ always combines with at
least one water molecule in solution, e.g. as hydronium ion H3O+ |
| hydrolyse |
decompose by reaction with water |
| hygroscopic |
absorbing moisture |
| catalyst |
substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed |
| metabolism |
combustion process in living organism |
| pH |
degree of acidity on a logarithmic scale
(pH=0 equals 1 mol H+/L, pH = 3 equals 1 mmol H+/L) |